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6 September, 13:29

Be sure to answer all parts. describe the hybrid orbitals used by the central atom and the type (s) of bonds formed in i3-. sp sp2 sp3 sp3d number of σ bonds: number of π bonds:

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  1. 6 September, 13:53
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    Triiodide molecule (I₃⁻) has sp³d hybridization

    The number of sigma (σ) bonds = 2

    and the number of Pi (π) bonds = 0

    Explanation:

    In a Triiodide molecule (I₃⁻), three iodine atoms combine to form a linear and symmetrical polyhalogen ion. The triiodide ion (I₃⁻) is formed by the chemical reaction of diatomic iodine (I₂) with iodide ion (I⁻).

    The involved chemical reaction: I₂ + I⁻ ⇌ I₃⁻

    The structure of the triiodide ion: [ I - I - I ]⁻

    As we know, that an iodine atom has 7 valence electrons.

    To complete its octet, if the central iodine atom accepts an electron to form an iodide ion, thus having 8 valence electrons.

    Then this central iodide bonds with two terminal iodine atoms by sigma (σ) bonds. So, the number of non-bonding electrons on the central iodide ion is 6.

    Thus, the number of lone pairs on the central iodide atom = 3

    Also, the number of sigma (σ) bonds = 2

    and the number of Pi (π) bonds = 0

    Now, the hybridization of this molecule can be determined by the steric number.

    Steric number = number of σ bonds + number of lone pairs = 2 + 3 = 5 ⇒ sp³d hybridization

    Therefore, the Triiodide molecule (I₃⁻) has sp³d hybridization.
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