The specific heat of gold is 0.031 calories/gram°C. If 10.0 grams of gold were heated and the temperature of the sample changed by 20.0°C, how many calories of heat energy were absorbed by the sample?

6.2 would be your answer

10 grams of gold would have a specific heat of 0.31 calories ie 10 x 0.031 and if heated up by 20.0 degrees centigrade then 20.0 x 0.31 would be a 6.2 calorie increase in heat. In other words, the specific heat means that it is the calories produced in the gram of gold by a 1 degree rise in degrees centigrade.