Explain how the Scramble for Africa was an example of imperialism.

The invasion, occupation, division, colonization and annexation of African territory by European powers during the period of New Imperialism, between 1881 and 1914

What was the Berlin Conference? Why was it needed?

A meeting of 14 European nations in 1884-1885. That set rules for the dividing of Africa into colonies so that they could avoid war between each other.

Why were Ethiopia and Liberia unique to this scramble?

They were independent throughout the whole Scramble for Africa

Who was Menelik II and how did he keep his country independent?

He was the emperor of Ethiopia. By first playing Italy, France and Britain against each other (they were trying to takeover Ethiopia), while this was happening, he built a large arsenal of modern weapons. When Italy advanced into Ethiopia, Menelik II declared war and successfully defeated the Italians and kept Ethiopia independent.

By 1902, how much of Africa was under European control (percentage) ?

90%