What is madison's view of human nature and how does it affect his prescriptions for the republic?

Madison's view on human nature is realistic. He assumed that man was at his best when capable of self-reason and discipline that the government was a true reflection of the people.

The authors of The Federalist Papers surely believed that there was a positive aspect to human nature. They often talk about reason, virtue, and morality. But they also acknowledged there was a negative aspect to human nature. They believed that outlining a republic required a balance of power that frees human dignity and rationality and controls human sin and depravity. As there is a gradation of corruption in men which necessitates an assured degree of caution and distrust, so there are other merits in human nature which validate a certain portion of esteem and confidence. Republican government assumes the existence of these qualities in a higher degree than any other form.

The framers created a government that was grounded upon a realistic view of human nature. The success of this administration in large part is due to untying power structures because of their desire to limit the impact of human sinfulness.