Which suggests the most critical aspect of the peak oil theory?

1) Controversy rages over rumors that the fracking lobby in Washington has influenced the statistics.

2) Supporters and critics argue endlessly over the rate of extraction and shape of the bell curve.

3) Saudi Arabia will soon have to begin fracking, leading to protests and further destabilization.

4) A new oil discovery means a fresh peak cycle, making that region the target of aggressors.

4) A new oil discovery means a fresh peak cycle, making that region the target of aggressors.

3) Saudi Arabia will soon have to begin fracking, leading to protests and further destabilization.

Explanation:

Peak oil theory, propounded by a geophysicist named Marion King Hubert, describes that, conventional sources of crude has either reached or will soon reach their maximum production capacity globally, thus, there will be downward slope; a bell curve shape, in the production capacity by the mid of 21st century.

Hence, the most critical aspect of Peak Oil theory, is that, the world's oil-based economy, such as Saudi Arabia, will face a critical moments towards the mid of the 21st century, when their production capacity is going down, that is, having a bell curve shape, leading to a form of changes in extraction methods, such as fracking, thereby, leading to protests by the citizens of these areas, and further destabilization of the nations involved, due to negative effects of fracking methods of oil extraction on the air and water quality of the area.