How have geographic factors determined the location and nature of African civilization

Geography is the keystone of civilization, determining the relative success and failure of all societies. Africa's geography shifts drastically moving north to south. The Savannah, south of the Sahara, is the most agreeable to crops and supports life with the most success.

Rich in fauna and resources, suitable for both cereal agriculture and livestock rearing, it offered conditions of relative easy movement in which natural resources and manufactured products could easily be exchanged.

Therefore major African civilizations south of the Sahara were found within the Savanah regions from East Africa right down to South Africa.