Why did the Federalist Party have difficulty surviving as a national party after the War of 1812?

The Federalist Party favored the upper class, and therefore lost many of the general middle class. They focused on issues that weren't popular with most of the population, unlike the Republican and Democratic parties.

Also, the death of Alexander Hamilton had a major part in its collapse. Hamilton created the backbones of the party, and with his death it upheaved the entire party.