How and why did African countries gain independence?

Between the years of 1945 and 1960, three dozen new states in Asia and Africa achieved outright independence from their European colonial rulers. There was no one process of decolonization. In some areas, it was peaceful, and orderly. In many others, independence was achieved only after a protracted revolution. The reason why African countries gain independence because they were in cash crops and minerals, they could not process these goods themselves. Their economies were dependent on trade, and this made them vulnerable.