Encoding specificity refers to

Encoding specificity refers to the tendency, when memorizing, to place in memory both the materials to be learned as well as the context of such materials.

Explanation:

Different forms of memory testing, recall the participant must generate the studied items, ususally in response to a contextual clue.

Different forms of memory testing recognition the studied items are presented to the participant, who decides whether they were presented before.

I'm pretty sure the answer it means principle of memory. Using physical surroundings or emotions as retrieval cues for specific memories