Because she believes that boys are naughtier than girls, Mrs. Zumpano, a second-grade teacher, watches boys more closely than she watches girls for any signs of misbehavior. Mrs. Zumpano's surveillance strategy best illustrates:

A) functional fixedness.

B) the representativeness heuristic.

C) confirmation bias.

D) the framing effect.

E) the availability heuristic.

c. confirmation bias

Explanation:

Confirmation bias is one kind of cognitive biases. It includes favoring information that confirm or support our existing beliefs or previous biases. So, we remember, recall, and interpret information that support our existing ideas better and more easily than those that oppose our ideas.

Here, Mrs. Zumpano has an existing bias i. e. boys are naughtier than girls, so she watches boys more than girls and looks for signs that support her belief.