Explain the difference between cell division and cell differentiation. Does either process change the DNA?

Cell division is the process in which the cell divides into two or more daughter cells whereas cell differentiation is a process in which embryonic cells become specialized cells according to their function.

DNA amount changes in cell division but no change in DNA in cellular differentiation.

Explanation:

During cell division, either mitosis or meiosis will take place in somatic or germ cells resulting in 2 diploid and 4 haploid cells respectively. The daughter cells are responsible for repairing or gamete formation. The amount of DNA content doubles in cell division.

In cell differentiation cells become specialized for the functions they have been destined like blood cells, nerve cells etc. Different types of cells are formed because different genes are expressed for the specific function. Hence, there will be no change in DNA only the sequence of DNA dictates the specialized cell for the particular function.