What are devices or equipment worn to protect students, teachers, employees, or anyone who is workingin a potentially dangerous area

This really depends on what kind of "danger" you're talking about. If you mean working in a warzone or potential combat area, such as the Middle East, most non-combat individuals wear kevlar vests and steel-kevlar reinforced helmets. If you mean simply in general, then anything from protective ponchos and safety goggles or even lead based coverings if working around radiation.