Describe the transformations of the function f (x) = 4 / (x-1) - 3

From f (x) = 1/x, you shift the horizontal asymptote a unit right to x = 1 to get f (x) = 1 / (x - 1).

Then, multiply that by 4 to obtain the larger function value, which turns out to be f (x) = 4 / (x - 1).

Finally, shift 3 units down to get f (x) = 4 / (x - 1) - 3.

Good luck!