A 13 foot ladder leans against a 12 foot wall. The distance from the base of the leader to the base of the wall is 5 feet. Based on this information, which trigonometric ratio has the value 12/5?

The wall and ground make a 90 degree angle. You don't need the 13 feet at all and that is the hypotenuse it uses the wall and ground distances so its tangent because tangent is the only trigonometric function that doesn't use the hypotenuse.