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25 April, 12:00

95. Because atoms, molecules, and ions are very small, they are counted in units of moles, where 1 mole = 6.022 * 1023 molecules. Concentration of ions in a liquid is measured in units of moles per liter. The measure of the acidity of a liquid is called the pH of the liquid and is given by the formula

pH = - log (H),

where H is the concentration of hydrogen ions in units of moles per liter.

a. Water has a pH value of 7.0. How many hydrogen ions are in one liter of water?

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  1. 25 April, 12:20
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    There are 10⁻⁷ hydrogen ions in one-liter water

    Step-by-step explanation:

    Hi there!

    a. If the pH = 7.0, then:

    -log (H) = 7.0

    multiply both sides of the equation by - 1

    log (H) = - 7.0

    Apply 10ˣ to both sides

    10^ (log (H)) = 10⁻⁷

    (H) = 10⁻⁷

    There are 10⁻⁷ hydrogen ions in one-liter water.

    Why 10^ (log (H)) = (H) ?

    Let's consider this function:

    y = 10^ (log x)

    (Apply log to both sides)

    log y = log 10^ (log x)

    (Apply logarithmic property: log xᵃ = a · log x)

    log y = log x · log 10

    (log 10 = 1)

    log y = log x

    y = x

    (since y = 10^ (log x) and y = x):

    10^ (log x) = x

    That's why 10^ (log (H)) = (H)
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