Describe 5 stages from the DTM

entry into Stage 5 of the Demographic Transition Model (DTM) - theoretically. In Stage 5 of the DTM a country experiences loss to the overall population as the death rate becomes higher than the birth rate ... What occurs is an aging citizenry that will eventually lead to a decrease in total populatoin

1 - High fluctuation

2 - High birth rate

3 - Falling birth rate

4 - Low fluctuating

5 - Death rate

Explanation:

Stage 1: High fluctuation - high birth rate and death rates - however population growth is small.

Reasons for high birth rate include:

Limited birth control

high infant mortality rate encourages the birth of more children

children are seen as a future source of income, therefore it would be more economically beneficial to have more kids.

Reasons for high death rate:

high incidence of disease

poor nutrition and famine

poor levels of hygene

Stage 2: High birth rate but falling death rate. The total population begins to expand rapidly.

Reasons for falling death rate:

Improved public health

Better nutrition

Lower child mortality

Stage 3: Falling birth rate, continuing falling death rate. The population growth slows down.

Reasons for falling birth rate include:

Preferences for smaller families (cheaper)

Changes in social trends and fashions

Rise in materialism (i. e. would rather spend money on expensive goods than pay for more kids)

Lower infant mortality rate

Stage 4:low fluctuating, low birth rate and low death rate. The population growth is small, and fertility continues to fall. There are changes in personal life styles, and more women are in the work force, therefre less couples are having kids (they'd rather get their careers sorted out first).

Stage 5: Death rate slightly exceeds the birth rate, and this causes population decline. This stage has only been recently recognised, and there are very few countries that are considered in stage 5.

Reasons for low birth rate include:

A rise in individualism

Greater financial independence of women

lack of resources for future generations

an incease in non traditional lifestyles.